目录1 基础 ....................................................................................................................................................................................41.1 安装编译环境 .............................................................................................................................................................41.2 下载源码 .....................................................................................................................................................................51.3 配置 .............................................................................................................................................................................71.4 编译 .............................................................................................................................................................................91.5 清理工程 .....................................................................................................................................................................91.6 编译/清理单个软件包................................................................................................................................................91.7 烧写固件 .....................................................................................................................................................................92 UCI（统一配置接口）......................................................................................................................................................122.1 概述 ...........................................................................................................................................................................122.2 实例操作 ...................................................................................................................................................................143 网络配置 ..........................................................................................................................................................................173.1 概述 ...........................................................................................................................................................................173.2 配置成交换机 ...........................................................................................................................................................203.3 配置成路由器 ...........................................................................................................................................................223.4 配置 Wireless ............................................................................................................................................................263.5 查询接口状态信息（IP 地址、子网、网关、DNS 等）........................................................................................273.5.1 查询逻辑 interfere 的第一个 IPv4 地址：network_get_ipaddr......................................................................283.5.2 查询逻辑 interfere 所对应的 L3 层 Linux 网络设备：network_get_device...................................................283.5.3 查询逻辑接口的第一个 IPv4 子网：network_get_subnet..............................................................................283.5.4 查询逻辑接口（interfere）的 IPv4 网关：network_get_gateway.................................................................293.5.5 查询逻辑 interfere 的 DNS 服务器：network_get_dnsserver.........................................................................293.5.6 查询逻辑 interfere 所使用的协议：network_get_protocol............................................................................293.5.7 查询逻辑 interfere 的状态（UP/DOWN）：network_is_up...........................................................................304 升级固件 ..........................................................................................................................................................................305 配置 DHCP 服务器和 DNS 服务器 ..................................................................................................................................335.1 公用选项配置 ...........................................................................................................................................................335.2 配置 DHCP 地址池 ....................................................................................................................................................366 添加软件包 ......................................................................................................................................................................366.1 概述 ...........................................................................................................................................................................366.2 实例：添加应用程序软件包 ...................................................................................................................................396.3 实例：添加内核模块 ...............................................................................................................................................437 Openwrt 源码树目录组织结构........................................................................................................................................478 Openwrt Buildroot 工作过程概述....................................................................................................................................489 启动脚本（Init Scripts） .................................................................................................................................................489.1 概述 ...........................................................................................................................................................................489.2 实例：实现 6.2 节的 helloworld 开机自启动.........................................................................................................5010 通过 shell 脚本操作 UCI 配置.......................................................................................................................................5311 Openwrt 启动流程..........................................................................................................................................................5611.1 Openwrt 固件生成过程（基于 MPR-A2 硬件平台）............................................................................................5611.2 Openwrt 启动流程：procd......................................................................................................................................5611.3 Openwrt 启动流程：/etc/preinit ............................................................................................................................5911.4 Openwrt 启动流程：/etc/rc.d/S* ...........................................................................................................................6112 Failsafe 模式（故障恢复模式）....................................................................................................................................6213 防火墙 ............................................................................................................................................................................6613.1 理论知识 .................................................................................................................................................................6613.2 UCI 防火墙配置实例................................................................................................................................................6713.2.1 MAC 地址过滤...................................................................................................................................................6713.2.2 端口转发 ..........................................................................................................................................................6814 配置 PPPOE Server.........................................................................................................................................................6815 LuCI ..................................................................................................................................................................................7115.1 配置 Openwrt 支持 LuCI .........................................................................................................................................7115.2 LuCI ...........................................................................................................................................................................7215.3 实例一：call............................................................................................................................................................7315.4 实例二：template...................................................................................................................................................7415.5 实例三：cbi.............................................................................................................................................................7415.6 CBI 参考手册............................................................................................................................................................7915.6.1 Map....................................................................................................................................................................7915.6.2 section................................................................................................................................................................7915.6.3 option.................................................................................................................................................................7915.6.4 Tab .....................................................................................................................................................................7915.6.5 实例 ..................................................................................................................................................................8015.7 国际化 .....................................................................................................................................................................8115.8 主题 .........................................................................................................................................................................8515.9 在 Openwrt 源码中添加 LuCI 模块........................................................................................................................8615.10 开启 LuCI 缓存 ......................................................................................................................................................8716 支持 U 盘........................................................................................................................................................................8717 opkg .................................................................................................................................................................................8917.1 安装软件包 .............................................................................................................................................................9117.2 删除软件包 .............................................................................................................................................................9117.3 查询已安装软件包 .................................................................................................................................................9117.4 更新软件包 .............................................................................................................................................................9217.5 安装目的地 .............................................................................................................................................................9218 LED ...................................................................................................................................................................................9319 上网认证 ........................................................................................................................................................................9619.1 概述 .........................................................................................................................................................................9619.2 Wifidog 接口协议.....................................................................................................................................................9719.2.1 网关心跳 ..........................................................................................................................................................9719.2.2 设备登陆及认证 ..............................................................................................................................................9819.2.3 流量统计 ..........................................................................................................................................................9919.2.4 设备下线（主动） ..........................................................................................................................................9919.2.5 设备下线（超时） ..........................................................................................................................................9919.3 Wifidog 配置.............................................................................................................................................................9919.3.1 网关 ID（可选）............................................................................................................................................10019.3.2 外部网络接口（可选） ................................................................................................................................10019.3.3 网关接口（必须） ........................................................................................................................................10019.3.4 网关内部局域网 IP 地址（可选） ...............................................................................................................10019.3.5 Wifidog 消息页面（可选）............................................................................................................................10019.3.6 认证服务器（必须，可重复） ....................................................................................................................10019.3.7 是否后台运行（可选） ................................................................................................................................10119.3.8 Wifidog 监听端口（可选）............................................................................................................................10119.3.9 超时检测间隔、心跳间隔、流量统计间隔（可选）.................................................................................10119.3.10 超时时间（可选） ......................................................................................................................................10119.3.11 白名单（可选） ..........................................................................................................................................10219.3.12 防火墙规则（必须） ..................................................................................................................................10219.4 实例（认证服务器） ...........................................................................................................................................10219.5 实例：使用 LuCI 配置 wifidog..............................................................................................................................10719.5.1 编写代码测试 ................................................................................................................................................10819.5.2 添加软件包 ....................................................................................................................................................11619.6 实例：使用 LuCI 显示 wifidog 状态.....................................................................................................................11819.6.1 编写代码测试 ................................................................................................................................................11819.6.2 添加软件包 ...................................................................................................................................................123
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