硬盘协议ATA

Contents PageForeword................................................................................................................................................... viIntroduction............................................................................................................................................... viii1 Scope................................................................................................................................................ 12 Normative references ....................................................................................................................... 12.1 Approved references .............................................................................................................. 12.2 References under development ............................................................................................. 22.3 Other references .................................................................................................................... 23 Definitions, abbreviations, and conventions...................................................................................... 23.1 Definitions and abbreviations ................................................................................................. 23.2 Conventions............................................................................................................................ 54 Interface physical and electrical requirements.................................................................................. 94.1 Cable configuration................................................................................................................. 94.2 Electrical characteristics......................................................................................................... 105 Interface signal assignments and descriptions................................................................................. 135.1 Signal summary...................................................................................................................... 135.2 Signal descriptions ................................................................................................................. 146 General operational requirements .................................................................................................... 196.1 Command delivery.................................................................................................................. 196.2 Register delivered data transfer command sector addressing............................................... 196.3 Interrupts ................................................................................................................................ 216.4 General feature set................................................................................................................. 216.5 Multiword DMA ....................................................................................................................... 236.6 Ultra DMA feature set............................................................................................................. 246.7 Host determination of cable type by detecting CBLID-........................................................... 266.8 PACKET Command feature set ............................................................................................. 286.9 Overlapped feature set........................................................................................................... 296.10 Queued feature set................................................................................................................. 306.11 Power Management feature set ............................................................................................. 316.12 Advanced Power Management feature set ............................................................................ 346.13 Security Mode feature set....................................................................................................... 346.14 Self-monitoring, analysis, and reporting technology feature set............................................. 396.15 Host Protected Area feature set ............................................................................................. 416.16 CFA feature set ...................................................................................................................... 456.17 Removable Media Status Notification and Removable Media feature sets............................ 456.18 Power-Up In Standby feature set ........................................................................................... 477 Interface register definitions and descriptions .................................................................................. 487.1 Device addressing considerations.......................................................................................... 487.2 I/O register descriptions.......................................................................................................... 547.3 Alternate Status register......................................................................................................... 557.4 Command register.................................................................................................................. 557.5 Cylinder High register ............................................................................................................. 567.6 Cylinder Low register.............................................................................................................. 567.7 Data port................................................................................................................................. 577.8 Data register........................................................................................................................... 587.9 Device Control register........................................................................................................... 587.10 Device/Head register.............................................................................................................. 597.11 Error register........................................................................................................................... 607.12 Features register .................................................................................................................... 617.13 Sector Count register.............................................................................................................. 617.14 Sector Number register .......................................................................................................... 627.15 Status register ........................................................................................................................ 628 Command descriptions..................................................................................................................... 658.1 CFA ERASE SECTORS......................................................................................................... 668.2 CFA REQUEST EXTENDED ERROR CODE........................................................................ 688.3 CFA TRANSLATE SECTOR .................................................................................................. 718.4 CFA WRITE MULTIPLE WITHOUT ERASE.......................................................................... 738.5 CFA WRITE SECTORS WITHOUT ERASE.......................................................................... 75T13/1321D revision 3Page ii8.6 CHECK POWER MODE......................................................................................................... 778.7 DEVICE RESET ..................................................................................................................... 788.8 DOWNLOAD MICROCODE................................................................................................... 808.9 EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC......................................................................................... 818.10 FLUSH CACHE ...................................................................................................................... 838.11 GET MEDIA STATUS............................................................................................................. 858.12 IDENTIFY DEVICE ................................................................................................................. 878.13 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE.................................................................................................. 1058.14 IDLE........................................................................................................................................ 1178.15 IDLE IMMEDIATE................................................................................................................... 1198.16 INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS...................................................................................... 1208.17 MEDIA EJECT ........................................................................................................................ 1238.18 MEDIA LOCK.......................................................................................................................... 1248.19 MEDIA UNLOCK .................................................................................................................... 1268.20 NOP ........................................................................................................................................ 1288.21 PACKET ................................................................................................................................. 1308.22 READ BUFFER ...................................................................................................................... 1358.23 READ DMA............................................................................................................................. 1378.24 READ DMA QUEUED ............................................................................................................ 1398.25 READ MULTIPLE ................................................................................................................... 1428.26 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS............................................................................................. 1458.27 READ SECTOR(S)................................................................................................................. 1478.28 READ VERIFY SECTOR(S)................................................................................................... 1498.29 SECURITY DISABLE PASSWORD ....................................................................................... 1518.30 SECURITY ERASE PREPARE .............................................................................................. 1538.31 SECURITY ERASE UNIT ....................................................................................................... 1548.32 SECURITY FREEZE LOCK.................................................................................................... 1568.33 SECURITY SET PASSWORD ............................................................................................... 1588.34 SECURITY UNLOCK.............................................................................................................. 1608.35 SEEK ...................................................................................................................................... 1628.36 SERVICE ................................................................................................................................ 1648.37 SET FEATURES..................................................................................................................... 1658.38 SET MAX ................................................................................................................................ 1708.39 SET MULTIPLE MODE .......................................................................................................... 1808.40 SLEEP .................................................................................................................................... 1828.41 SMART ................................................................................................................................... 1848.42 STANDBY............................................................................................................................... 2098.43 STANDBY IMMEDIATE.......................................................................................................... 2118.44 WRITE BUFFER..................................................................................................................... 2138.45 WRITE DMA........................................................................................................................... 2148.46 WRITE DMA QUEUED........................................................................................................... 2168.47 WRITE MULTIPLE ................................................................................................................. 2208.48 WRITE SECTOR(S) ............................................................................................................... 2239 Protocol............................................................................................................................................. 2259.1 Power-on and hardware reset protocol................................................................................... 2289.2 Software reset protocol........................................................................................................... 2329.3 Bus idle protocol ..................................................................................................................... 2369.4 Non-data command protocol .................................................................................................. 2469.5 PIO data-in command protocol............................................................................................... 2489.6 PIO data-out command protocol............................................................................................. 2529.7 DMA command protocol ......................................................................................................... 2559.8 PACKET command protocol................................................................................................... 2589.9 READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED command protocol................................................................. 2709.10 EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC command protocol .......................................................... 2749.11 DEVICE RESET command protocol....................................................................................... 2789.12 Signature and persistence...................................................................................................... 2809.13 Ultra DMA data-in commands ................................................................................................ 2819.14 Ultra DMA data-out commands .............................................................................................. 2839.15 Ultra DMA CRC rules.............................................................................................................. 286T13/1321D revision 3Page iii9.16 Single device configurations................................................................................................... 28810 Timing ............................................................................................................................................... 28910.1 Deskewing.............................................................................................................................. 28910.2 Transfer timing ....................................................................................................................... 289Tables Page1 Byte order ............................................................................................................................................ 92 Byte order ............................................................................................................................................ 93 DC characteristics ............................................................................................................................... 104 AC characteristics................................................................................................................................ 105 Driver types and required termination.................................................................................................. 116 Typical series termination for Ultra DMA ............................................................................................. 137 Interface signal name assignments..................................................................................................... 148 Host detection of CBLID-..................................................................................................................... 289 Security mode command actions ........................................................................................................ 3910 Device repsonse to DOIW-/DOIR- ..................................................................................................... 4911 Device is not selected, DMACK- is not asserted ................................................................................ 5012 Device is selected, DMACK- is not asserted ...................................................................................... 5113 Device is selected, DMACK- is asserted (for Multiword DMA only).................................................... 5214 Device 1 is selected and Device 0 is responding for Device 1 ........................................................... 5315 Device is in Sleep mode, DEVICE RESET is not implemented, DMACK- is not asserted................. 5416 Device is in Sleep mode, DEVICE RESET is implemented, DMACK- is not asserted....................... 5417 Extended error codes ......................................................................................................................... 7018 CFA TRANSLATE SECTOR information ........................................................................................... 7219 Diagnostic codes ................................................................................................................................ 8320 IDENTIFY DEVICE information .......................................................................................................... 8921 Minor revision number ........................................................................................................................ 10022 IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE information........................................................................................... 10823 Automatic standby timer periods ........................................................................................................ 11824 Security password content.................................................................................................................. 15325 SECURITY ERASE UNIT password .................................................................................................. 15626 SECURITY SET PASSWORD data content ...................................................................................... 16027 Identifier and security level bit interaction........................................................................................... 16028 SET FEATURES register definitions .................................................................................................. 16729 Transfer/mode values......................................................................................................................... 16830 Advanced power management levels................................................................................................. 16931 SET MAX Features register values .................................................................................................... 17132 SET MAX SET PASSWORD data content......................................................................................... 17533 SMART Feature register values ......................................................................................................... 18434 SMART EXECUTE OFF-LINE IMMEDIATE Sector Number register values..................................... 19235 Device SMART data structure ............................................................................................................ 19536 Off-line data collection status byte values .......................................................................................... 19537 Self-test execution status byte values ................................................................................................ 19638 Log address definition......................................................................................................................... 19839 SMART log directory........................................................................................................................... 19940 SMART error log sector...................................................................................................................... 20041 Error log data structure....................................................................................................................... 20142 Command data structure.................................................................................................................... 20143 Error data structure............................................................................................................................. 20244 State field values ................................................................................................................................ 20245 Self-test log data structure.................................................................................................................. 20346 Self-test log descriptor entry............................................................................................................... 20347 Equations for parallel generation of a CRC polynomial...................................................................... 28748 Register transfer to/from device ......................................................................................................... 29149 PIO data transfer to/from device......................................................................................................... 293T13/1321D revision 3Page iv50 Multiword DMA data transfer .............................................................................................................. 29451 Ultra DMA data burst timing requirements.......................................................................................... 300Figures Page1 State diagram convention .................................................................................................................... 72 Ultra DMA termination with pull-up or pull-down.................................................................................. 133 PDIAG- example using an 80-conductor cable assembly ................................................................... 174 Cable select example .......................................................................................................................... 185 Alternate cable select example............................................................................................................ 186 Example configuration of a system with a 40-conductor cable............................................................ 277 Example configuration of a system where the host detects a 40-conductor cable.............................. 278 Example configuration of a system where the host detects an 80-conductor cable............................ 289 Power management state diagram...................................................................................................... 3210 Security mode state diagram .............................................................................................................. 3611 SET MAX security state diagram........................................................................................................ 4312 Overall host protocol state sequence ................................................................................................. 22613 Overall device protocol state sequence.............................................................................................. 22714 Host power-on or hardware reset state diagram ................................................................................ 22815 Device power-on or hardware reset state diagram............................................................................. 22916 Host software reset state diagram ...................................................................................................... 23217 Device 0 software reset state diagram ............................................................................................... 23318 Device 1 software reset state diagram ............................................................................................... 23519 Host bus idle state diagram ................................................................................................................ 23620 Additional host bus idle state diagram with overlap or overlap and queuing ...................................... 23821 Device bus idle state diagram............................................................................................................. 24122 Additional device bus idle state diagram with overlap or overlap and queuing................................... 24323 Host non-data state diagram .............................................................................................................. 24724 Device non-data state diagram........................................................................................................... 24725 Host PIO data-in state diagram .......................................................................................................... 24926 Device PIO data-in state diagram....................................................................................................... 25127 Host PIO data-out state diagram ........................................................................................................ 25328 Device PIO data-out state diagram..................................................................................................... 25429 Host DMA state diagram..................................................................................................................... 25630 Device DMA state diagram ................................................................................................................. 25731 Host PACKET non-data and PIO data command state diagram........................................................ 25932 Device PACKET non-data and PIO data command state diagram .................................................... 26233 Host PACKET DMA command state diagram .................................................................................... 26534 Device PACKET DMA command state diagram................................................................................. 26835 Host DMA QUEUED state diagram .................................................................................................... 27136 Device DMA QUEUED command state diagram................................................................................ 27337 Host EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC state diagram...................................................................... 27538 Device 0 EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC state diagram ............................................................... 27639 Device 1 EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC command state diagram .............................................. 27740 Host DEVICE RESET command state diagram ................................................................................. 27941 Device DEVICE RESET command state diagram.............................................................................. 27942 Example parallel CRC generator ........................................................................................................ 28743 Register transfer to/from device.......................................................................................................... 29044 PIO data transfer to/from device......................................................................................................... 29245 Initiating a Multiword DMA data transfer............................................................................................. 29546 Sustaining a Multiword DMA data transfer......................................................................................... 29647 Device terminating a Multiword DMA data transfer ........................................................................... 29748 Host terminating a Multiword DMA data transfer ............................................................................... 29849 Initiating an Ultra DMA data-in burst................................................................................................... 30150 Sustained Ultra DMA data-in burst ..................................................................................................... 30251 Host pausing an Ultra DMA data-in burst ........................................................................................... 303T13/1321D revision 3Page v52 Device terminating an Ultra DMA data-in burst .................................................................................. 30453 Host terminating an Ultra DMA data-in burst...................................................................................... 30554 Initiating an Ultra DMA data-out burst................................................................................................. 30655 Sustained Ultra DMA data-out burst................................................................................................... 30756 Device pausing an Ultra DMA data-out burst ..................................................................................... 30857 Host terminating an Ultra DMA data-out burst.................................................................................... 30958 Device terminating an Ultra DMA data-out burst ................................................................................ 310Annexes Page Annexes PageA Connectors and cable assemblies ....................................................................................................... 311B Device determination of cable type...................................................................................................... 331C Identify device data for devices with more than 1024 logical cylinders................................................ 334D Signal integrity and UDMA implementation guide................................................................................ 337E Bibliography.......................................................................................................................................... 378F ATA command set summary................................................................................................................ 379